coded data

The foundational ENA tutorial connected coded evidence, networks, and comparison

David Williamson Shaffer, Wesley Collier, A. R. Ruis

Journal of Learning Analytics

How researchers can identify, quantify, visualize, and compare patterns of association among a fixed set of coded elements. The tutorial shows that network structure can be compared directly and through summary statistics when the modeled associations have a defensible meaning in the source context. A worked method cannot validate the constructs, codes, conversation boundaries, sampling design, or causal interpretation supplied by a later analyst.

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